Lifecycle climate impact and primary energy use of electric and biofuel cargo trucks

Heavy trucks contribute significantly to climate change, and in 2020 were responsible for 7% of total Swedish GHG emissions 5% global CO2 emissions. Here we study the full lifecycle cargo powered by different energy pathways, comparing their biomass feedstock use, primary net biogenic fossil emission cumulative radiative forcing. We analyse battery electric with bioelectricity from stand-alone or combined heat power (CHP) plants, pathways where is integrated wind solar electricity. operated on diesel fuel dimethyl ether (DME). All are analysed without carbon capture storage (CCS). Bioelectricity DME produced forest harvest residues. Forest a limited resource, so scenario analysis allocate fixed amount truck transport. Battery lifespan chemistry, technology level supply, source transport distance all varied understand how sensitive results these parameters. find that using electricity have much lower impacts compared diesel- DME-based pathways. The CCS result negative leading cooling earth. significant very similar impact, even CCS. robust show electrification increased renewable production better strategy reduce impact than adoption trucks, more efficient. This includes as well timing Considering only incomplete could be misleading.